Waste

Effective use of resources and waste
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The global environmental problems we face today are largely the result of human excessive exploitation of natural resources, including (fossil) fuels, minerals, water, country and biodiversity.

It is becoming increasingly clear that the dominant European model of economic development - based on the great use of resources, creation of waste and pollution - cannot be maintained in the long run. Many of the resources are used only for a short period of time, or they are lost for the economy by disposing or reducing quality during recovery operations.

In recent years the concept of circular economy and related policies have to deal with the use of resources, production, consumption and waste at a higher level. This concept aims to close material losses by maintaining the value of products, materials and resources in the economy as long as possible. This effectively reduces the production of waste and the use of dirty material.

The use of resources, as well as the creation and treatment of waste results in significant environmental pressures during the stages of extraction, production, use and end of the life of the product. Environmental policy goals include reducing the amount of materials used in the economy, improving resource efficiency, reducing waste generation and conversion to a resource. Waste prevention and waste management is a key aspect of the circular economy. Resource efficiency is essential if we want to separate economic development from environmental degradation. The country's resources are limited and their extracting generates environmental impacts and climate. Their more efficient use helps minimize these impacts. In this way, the efficiency of resources is one of the essential elements necessary to create a circular, greener economy in Europe, as well as more sustainable models of production and consumption.

The legislation in the waste management in our country is aimed at promoting a circular economy through the extraction of quality waste resources as much as possible. Furthermore, the policy of the Green Agenda for the Western Balkans relies on several pillars, targeted mainly in the region's reforms to comply with the European Green Agreement (European Green Deal), through the European Union's economic and investment plan. The European Green Agreement aims to promote growth through transition to modern, efficient resources and competitive economy.

The Law on Waste Management provides a legitimate framework for waste treatment and management. It introduces the concept of hierarchy in waste management. The hierarchy is usually adopted is minimizing/reducing source waste, recycling, waste processing (with resource recovery, ie materials (products) and energy), waste transformation (without returning resources) and land depositing Specific approaches are necessary for certain waste categories. Therefore, in addition to the comprehensive Law on Waste Management, there are many other laws in the Republic of Northern Macedonia to deal with different types of waste. The Green Agenda obliges the Western Balkans to move to a circular economy by improving waste management; Increasing resource productivity; Establishing innovative and more efficient ways of producing and consuming and introducing circulating in business models.

Waste regulations aim to protect the environment and human health and help the country's transition to a circular economy. They set goals and strive for:

  • Improving waste management,
  • Stimulating recycling innovation,
  • Limit deposition.

Отпад - Регулатива

Отпад
Регулатива
Во Република Македонија постојат повеќе закони кои покриваат и решаваат одредени проблематики и прашања поврзани со отпадот. Дел од тие закони кои се во надлежност на Министерството за животна средина и просторно планирање

Отпад - Упатства

Отпад
Упатства
Документи кои ги објаснуваат стандардите, процедурите и мерките за управување со отпадот, вклучувајќи информации за третманот, сортирањето и одржувањето на одговорност, со цел да се обезбеди ефикасно и одржливо управување со отпадот

УПАТСТВО за водење на постапка за издавање на дозвола за колективен постапувач и за водење на постапка за одобрување или неодобрување на годишен извештај согласно со Законот за управување со пакување и отпад од пакување

Отпад - Решенија

Отпад
Решенија
Примена на технологии за рециклирање и преработка на отпадот, развивање на стратегии за намалување на отпадот на изворот, и усовршување на инфраструктурата за одржливо управување со отпадот

Отпад - Дозволи

Отпад
Дозволи
Одобрувања или лиценци издадени од надлежните институции, кои ги регулираат активностите поврзани со третманот, складирањето и одржувањето на одговорност за отпадот, во согланост со законските стандарди и прописи

In the context of the circular economy, waste management focuses on preserving the value and properties of waste materials by delivering high quality secondary raw materials in the economy.

Waste is created in human activities and is seen as an inevitable by-product of economic activities (waste produced by inefficient production processes, from the short-term goods and unsustainable consumption). The creation of waste indicates the loss of matter and energy and imposes the costs of society and the state for the collection, treatment and disposal of waste viewed outside the concept of a circulatory economy.

Waste is one of the main environmental problems in many European countries, and even in the Republic of Northern Macedonia, taking into account the fact that the amount of waste is constantly increasing.

Most of the waste in the Republic of Northern Macedonia is deposited on the legal and illegal-so-called illegal dumps. Waste recycling in the Republic of Macedonia is slightly present. Impact of landfills on the environment, and thus human health is high because greenhouse gases (methane), organic micropolutants (dioxins and furanes) are emitted, volatile heavy metals in the air and leakage of landfills emitted in the soil. and groundwater and which may contain toxic substances.

Important are initiatives to promote the processes of reducing the amount of waste, its recycling and implementing safe standards for waste disposal.

The primary goal in European Union countries as well as in the Republic of Northern Macedonia is to establish a strong link between economic growth, the use of natural resources and waste production, in order to reduce the burden on the environment.

 

in Second Environmental Action Plan of the Republic of Macedonia has listed certain goals regarding waste and integrated management with waste, efficient institutional and organizational setup and improved waste management infrastructure

According to the waste legislation in the Republic of Northern Macedonia, the priorities for waste management are the following:

  • avoiding waste creation and reducing the harmful effects of waste on the environment, life and health of human beings,
  • Improving production technologies that reduce waste creation and use of environmental products and less packages,
  • Recycling and reuse of waste or in another process of extraction of secondary raw materials, or to be used as an energy source.


Главно создавањето на отпад доаѓа од производствените активности, од каменоломите и рудниците, од градежништвото, отпад од земјоделството и шумарството, комуналниот отпад итн.

Отпадот од производствените активности се состои главно од храна, дрво, хартија, хемикалии, неметални минерали, базични метали и друго. Производствените активности можат да имаат централна улога во редуцирањето на количината на генерираниот отпад со:

  • Инкорпорирање на анализите за животниот циклус во дизајнирањето и производството на стоки и сервисни услуги,
  • Промоција на одржливо користење на материјата и енергијата,
  • Елиминација или редуцирано користење на субстанциите и материјалите кои се опасни за здравјето на луѓето и животната средина.


A list of types of waste has been adopted.

 

 

Галерија